Playing Ranges of Instruments
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Index Musical acoustics applications Musical acoustics applications References Rossing White & White | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Formant FrequenciesThese formant frequencies in Hertz for orchestral instruments are suggested by Backus, Ch 6, Table I. A formant is a favored frequency range produced by some sort of resonance which stays essentially the same even if the fundamental is continually changing. The concept of formants is particularly important in understanding speech, since the vocal formants provide much of the distinction between sustained vowel sounds. Formants also occur with musical instruments, and are of particular note with woodwinds. For example, the bassoon shows formant behavior over much of its playing range.
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Index Musical acoustics applications Orchestral instrument data Reference Backus | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Power Output, Musical InstrumentsMeasured greatest power output
The maximum acoustic efficency of an orchestral instrument appears to ba about 1%. From Backus, p52. |
Index Musical acoustics applications Orchestral instrument data Reference Backus | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Composition of the OrchestraThe standard orchestra consists of four major families of instruments: woodwinds, brass, percussion, and strings. The woodwind section usually consists of two to four flutes, two to four oboes, two to three clarinets, and two to four bassoons. The brass section consists of four to seven French horns, three to four trumpets, three to four trombones, and one tuba. The orchestral strings are usually divided into twenty-two to thirty five violins, eight to fourteen violas, six to twelve violincellos, and five to ten doublebasses. |
Index Musical acoustics applications Orchestral instrument data Reference Backus | ||
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